Knowledge Vault 2/87 - ICLR 2014-2023
Doina Precup ICLR 2022 - Invited Talk - From Reinforcement Learning to AI
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Concept Graph & Resume using Claude 3 Opus | Chat GPT4 | Gemini Adv | Llama 3:

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ICLR 2022] --> B[Prominent AI researcher:
Doina Precup 1] A --> C[RL: AI microcosm,
learning from environment 2] C --> D[RL achieves impressive
results across domains 3] D --> E[AlphaGo: RL agent
outperforms humans 4] A --> F['Reward is enough'
hypothesis for intelligence 5] F --> G[Biological examples illustrate
intelligence from rewards 6] A --> H[RL goals: general AI,
knowledge, efficiency, abstraction, adaptability 7] H --> I[RL agents acquire procedural
and predictive knowledge 8] I --> J[Agent knowledge: expressive, learnable,
composable for planning 9] A --> K[Options framework for
procedural knowledge 10] A --> L[General value functions
for predictive knowledge 11] K --> M[Hierarchical RL with options
and value functions excels 12] A --> N[Option keyboard efficiently
composes policies 13] A --> O[RL combines procedural and
predictive knowledge to solve 14] A --> P[RL balances data, computation,
performance while optimizing 15] A --> Q[Research frontier: abstractions,
learning in open-ended environments 16] Q --> R[Goal conditioning and meta-learning
promising for abstractions, adaptation 17] Q --> S[Richer environments needed
beyond narrow tasks 18] A --> T[Reward hypothesis: intelligence
emerges from maximization 19] T --> U[Babies' reward signals
drive learning, development 20] A --> V[RL agents can learn
from language requests 21] A --> W[Continual improvement relative to
abilities as intelligence measure 22] A --> X[Hierarchical RL: inter-layer
rewards, overall optimization 23] A --> Y[Option keyboard combines cumulants
for new behaviors 24] A --> Z[Inverse RL infers rewards,
requires expert data 25] A --> AA[Research interests: never-ending RL,
hierarchical benefits, affordances 26] AA --> AB[Sub-MDP analysis shows
benefits of partitions 27] AB --> AC[Generalizing sub-MDPs to
function approximation open 28] A --> AD[RL potential for general
AI, understanding intelligence 29] A --> AE[Open problems: continual learning,
hierarchical RL, language 30] class A,B researcher; class C,D,E reinforcement; class F,G,H,I,J hypothesis; class K,L,M,N frameworks; class O,P,Q,R,S research; class T,U examples; class V,W,X,Y applications; class Z,AA,AB,AC,AD,AE knowledge;

Resume:

1.-Doina Precup is a prominent AI researcher at McGill University, DeepMind Montreal, and the Quebec AI Institute, with a focus on diversity.

2.-Reinforcement learning (RL) is a microcosm of AI, involving learning from interaction with an environment through observations, actions, and reward signals.

3.-RL has achieved impressive results in games, control tasks, healthcare, education, finance, and computer system optimization.

4.-AlphaGo, an RL agent, learns to play Go by self-experimentation and invents superior strategies compared to humans.

5.-The "reward is enough" hypothesis suggests intelligence and associated abilities can be understood as reward maximization in a complex environment.

6.-Biological examples (squirrels, robots) illustrate how maximizing simple reward signals in complex environments can lead to the development of intelligent behaviors.

7.-RL aims to build general AI agents that grow knowledge, learn efficiently, reason at multiple levels of abstraction, and adapt quickly.

8.-RL agents acquire procedural knowledge (policies) and predictive knowledge (value functions), which can be generalized to skills, goal-driven behavior, and general predictions.

9.-Agent knowledge should be expressive, learnable from data without supervision, and composable for fast planning in new situations.

10.-Options framework expresses procedural knowledge as temporally extended actions with initiation sets, internal policies, and termination conditions.

11.-General value functions estimate expected values of various cumulants (quantities of interest) over different time scales using continuation functions.

12.-Hierarchical RL with options and general value functions improves performance in complex environments like Android apps with high-dimensional action spaces.

13.-Option keyboard allows efficient policy composition and improvement by combining cumulants and quickly evaluating policies for combined cumulants.

14.-RL provides powerful tools for learning procedural (options) and predictive (general value functions) knowledge, which can be combined to solve new problems.

15.-RL emphasizes trade-offs between data efficiency, computational efficiency, and final performance while optimizing rewards.

16.-The frontier of RL research explores whether agents can discover the right abstractions and quickly learn in vast, open-ended environments.

17.-Goal conditioning and meta-learning are promising approaches for learning abstractions and adapting to new situations.

18.-Richer environments supporting learning of abstractions are needed beyond narrow tasks like individual games or simulations.

19.-Reward hypothesis suggests intelligence emerges from reward maximization, not necessarily specific objectives or algorithms like evolution.

20.-Reward signals for babies include basic needs, social interaction, and attention, driving learning and development.

21.-RL agents can learn from natural language task requests, with potential for combining language and RL research.

22.-Continual improvement relative to an agent's abilities, regardless of starting point, could be a measure of intelligence.

23.-Hierarchical RL agents may reward each other and pass information across layers while pursuing overall return optimization.

24.-Option keyboard allows combining cumulants (e.g., goals) linearly to generate new useful behaviors, with potential for nonlinear combinations.

25.-Inverse RL infers rewards from observed agent behavior but relies on expert data and requires the agent's own experimentation.

26.-Current research interests include never-ending RL without Markovian assumptions, formalizing benefits of hierarchical RL, and learning affordances.

27.-Sub-MDP analysis in hierarchical RL shows benefits when partitions are small, similar, and connected through a few states.

28.-Generalizing sub-MDP results to function approximation is an open question, potentially using complexity measures of function spaces.

29.-The talk emphasizes the potential of RL for building general AI agents and understanding intelligence through the reward is enough hypothesis.

30.-Open problems and future directions include continual learning, hierarchical RL, combining language and RL, and developing rich environments for learning abstractions.

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